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N
NAAB stud code An identification number composed of a one-or two-digit prefix indicating the AI stud and a letter
indicating the breed of bull. The remaining numbers
identify the bull within a stud.
NDF See neutral detergent fiber.
NDHIA, Inc. The national DHI organization, made up of member state DHI organizations and administered by an executive
secretary and an elected board of directors.
NFE See nitrogen-free extract.
NPN Nonprotein nitrogen (e.g., urea). Used by rumen microorganisms to synthesize protein.
National Association of Animal Breeders (NAAB) The national organization made up of representatives from the artificial
insemination (AI) industry.
National cooperative dairy herd improvement programs (NCDHIP) The national, industry-wide cooperative framework within
which all DHI-related activities function.
National Research Council (NRC) A division of the National Academy of Sciences established in 1916 to promote the
effective use of scientific and technical resources. This
private, nonprofit organization of scientists publishes
bulletins periodically giving nutrient requirements of
domestic animals.
Natural service In farm animals, it means to allow natural mating, as opposed to artificial insemination.
Nonfat dry milk (NDM) The product obtained by removing water from pasteurized skim milk. It contains not more than 5
percent moisture and not more than 1.5 percent MF unless
otherwise indicated. See dried milks.
Neonatal Pertaining to a newborn animal.
Net energy (NE) The difference between metabolizable energy and heat increment. It includes the amount of energy used
either for maintenance only or for maintenance plus
production.
Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) A measurement of fiber after digesting in a non-acidic, non-alkaline detergent as an aid
in determining quality of forages. Contains the fibers in ADF, plus hemicellulose.
Nicking See hybrid vigor.
Nitrate A final decomposition product of organic nitrogen compounds. A nitrogen-oxygen ion (NO3-) available as a
plant nutrient and soluble in water.
Nitrification The biochemical transformation by oxidation of ammonium (NH4) to nitrite (NO2) or to nitrate (NO3).
Nitrogen balance Nitrogen in the food consumed minus nitrogen in feces and nitrogen in urine (nitrogen retention).
Nitrogen-free extract (NFE) Consisting of carbohydrates, sugars,
starches, and a major portion of materials classed
as hemicellulose in feeds. When crude protein, fat, water, ash, and fiber are added and the sum is subtracted from 100,
the difference is NFE.
Non-point source Entry of effluent into a water body in a diffuse manner so there is no definite point of entry.
Nonreturn The breeding efficiency of bulls expressed as the percentage of cows that conceive on first service. Also
called nonreturn rate.
Nurse cow A dairy cow used to supply milk for nursing calves, commonly other than her own.
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